The Red-mantled Saddle-back Tamarin is native to forests of the upper Amazon Basin in Peru and Ecuador.
It used to be considered a subspecies of the Brown-mantled Saddle-back, L./S. fuscicollis, of north-eastern South America,
from the Andes through to Colombia and eastern Brazil but, along with some other saddle-back tamarins, was separated to species status.
The male parent will carry the young and return it to the mother for feeding.
Along with the other Saddle-backs, they suffer from habitat destruction (mainly for logging/agriculture).