The Small White Caterpillar is not a small white caterpillar at all but the caterpillar stage of the Small White Butterfly.
It is mainly green with faint yellow lines on back (continuous) and side (dotted).
The yellow egg is laid singly under a food plant leaf (unlike Large White eggs where many are packed together).
The egg case is usually eaten by the hatchling.
Don't know whether this is one female laying 3 eggs on one leaf or whether it is visits of 3 separate butterflies.
Sometimes she makes a mistake and lays on the top of the leaf.
The early 2 tiny instars do not show the yellow lines.
The caterpillar goes through about four changes of clothing before it reaches its final size (about an inch long).
It eats brassicas (plants including cabbages), making the adult one of the two "cabbage whites."
Here they are fattening up on nasturtiums in my garden.
Caterpllar pupating
Early chrysalis is green, tied on with silk.
Mature chrysalis is white.
Chrysalides (pupae) of the Small White Butterfly (twice brooded and over-winters as chrysalis).